Car insurance in Russia comes in two main forms: compulsory OSAGO liability cover, which every driver must have, and optional CASCO comprehensive cover. This guide explains what each covers, what they cost, and what foreign drivers need to know before getting behind the wheel.
OSAGO: the compulsory liability insurance
OSAGO is mandatory for everyone driving in Russia. It covers damage and injury you cause to other people — third-party liability — not your own car. Driving without valid OSAGO risks a fine, and after an accident you would pay the other party's costs yourself. Statutory payouts are capped (currently up to 400,000 ₽ for property damage and 500,000 ₽ for injury per claim).
CASCO: optional comprehensive cover
CASCO is voluntary and covers your own vehicle — theft, fire, vandalism and accident damage regardless of fault. It is far more expensive than OSAGO and is usually bought for newer or financed cars. You can tune the premium with a deductible (franchise) and add-ons.
How premiums are calculated
OSAGO prices are set within a state-regulated band; insurers adjust within it using factors such as:
- The car's engine power and the region of registration.
- The driver's age and experience.
- The bonus-malus (KBM) no-claims rating — a clean record lowers your rate each year, while at-fault claims raise it.
CASCO additionally depends on the car's value, age and where it is kept.
Do foreign drivers need Russian car insurance?
Yes. Since 2023 the international "Green Card" system no longer covers Russia, so a foreign Green Card is not valid here. If you bring a foreign-registered car into Russia, you must buy a short-term Russian OSAGO policy — available online or at offices near the border — for the period you will drive. Renting a car in Russia is simpler: OSAGO is already included, and CASCO is usually offered as an extra.
How do I file a claim?
After an accident, document the scene: photos, the other driver's details and OSAGO policy number. Minor accidents with no injuries and agreement between drivers can often be settled with the simplified "Europrotocol" form; otherwise call the traffic police. Notify your insurer within the deadline stated in your policy and submit the documents they require.
How much does car insurance cost in Russia?
OSAGO for an ordinary car and an experienced driver typically runs into the low tens of thousands of rubles per year, varying with engine power, region and your KBM rating. CASCO costs several times more, depending on the car's value. Compare quotes from several licensed insurers — rates differ within the regulated band, and a clean no-claims record is the biggest lever on price.
